The Bank of Thailand (BOT) was first set up as the Thai National Banking Bureau. The Bank of Thailand Act was promulgated on 28 April 1942 vesting upon the Bank of Thailand the responsibility for all central banking functions. The Bank of Thailand started operations on 10 December 1942.  

The Bank of Thailand Act, B.E.2485 was later amended in order to put emphasis on BOT’s social responsibility, to create a mechanism to guard against economic crisis, as well as to set up BOT’s decision making process to ensure good governance and transparency in the organization.  Moreover, members of the public will be able to audit and increase the understanding of the BOT’s operations. The Bank of Thailand Act, B.E.2551 came into force with effect from 4 March 2008.